Utopia Essays -- Utopic Society Social Issues Essays

Utopia In the year 1515, a book in Latin text was published which became the most significant and controversial text ever written in the field of political science. Entitled, DE OPTIMO REIPUBLICATE STATU DEQUE NOVA INSULA UTOPIA, clarissimi disertissimique viri THOMAE MORI inclutae civitatis Londinensis civis et Vicecomitis, translated into English would read, ON THE BEST carry OF A COMMONWEALTH AND ON THE NEW ISLAND OF UTOPIA, by the Most Distinguished and Eloquent Author THOMAS MORE Citizen and Undersheriff of the Famous City of London..Utopia (Latin no-place) is a rules of order of great planning and capability. A community where individuals compromised their rights for the good of the collective and focused on a communal goal. These ideals of an infinitely capable and cooperative. Utopic society have captured the vagary of the greatest minds throughout the centuries. One may find the origin of Utopian thoughts in the Republic and Law conceived by Plato and in The Nicomache an Ethics and Politics created by Aristotle. The two individuals are the founding fathers of western philosophy, and their works are the basis of the western political science. Despite the thoughts on a planned society that preceded to a greater extent in the field of Utopic philosophy, the first complete Utopia was credited to More and it became the pinnacle of Renaissance humanist thought. In the book, Utopia, More employed the fictional character Ralpheal Hythloday to choose a practical Utopia to the readers. The travelogue of the Island of Utopia from Hythloday would act as the model of many Eutopias (Latin happy-place) and dystopias (Latin opposite-place) created from a variety of interpretations by authors such as Karl Marx, revolutionist, and H.G We... ...niversity Library Online. Nov 1996.Eurich, Nell. Science in Utopia A Might Design. Massachusetts Harvard University Press, 1967Fox, Alistair. Utopia An Elusive Vision. New York Twayne Publishers, 1993Hertzler, Joyce Oramel Ph.D. The History of Utopian Thought. New York The MacMillan Copany, 1926Kateb, George. Utopia and its Enemies. London The Free Press of Glencoe, 1963Logan, George M., Adams, Robert M., Miller, Clarence H. Utopia Thomas More Latin schoolbook and English Translation. New York Cambridge University Press, 1995Logan, George M., Adams, Robert M. Utopia More. Cambridge Cambridge University Press, 1988 Olin, John C. Interpreting Thomas Mores Utopia. New York Fordham university Press, 1989Russell, Frances Theresa. Touring Utopia The Realm of Constructive Humanism. New York The Vail-ballou Press, 1932

Faulkner The Quintessential Southern Writer :: essays papers

Faulkner The Quintessential S tabuhern WriterWilliam Faulkner The Quintessential Southern Writer On family 25, 1897 in New Albany, Mississippi, a son was born to Murry Cuthbert and Maud Butler Faulkner. This baby, born into a proud, genteel Southern family, would become a mischievous boy, an indifferent student, and falling off out of school yet his mothers faith in him was absolutely unshakable. When so many others easily and confidently pronounced her son a failure, she insisted that he was a genius and that the world would come to recognize that fact (Zane). And she was right. Her son would become one of the most exalted American writers of the 20th century, taking the Nobel Prize for Literature and two Pulitzers during his lifetime. Her son was William Faulkner.As a child, Faulkner was well aware of his family background, especially the notoriety of his great-grandfather who had moved to the Mississippi Delta from Tennessee in 1841 (Zane). William Clark Faulkner was a o bliging War Colonel, a lawyer, a planter, a politician, a railroad entrepreneur, and a best-selling novelist best known for The White Rose of Memphis. He died in the streets of Ripley, Mississippi, where a former business partner he had forced out of his railroad gunned him down (Padgett). While Faulkner had never met his great-grandfather, he was a powerful influence. When his third tick teacher asked what he wanted to be when he grew up, the young William replied I want to be a writer like my great-granddaddy(Padgett). After dropping out of school, Faulkner worked as a clerk in his grandfathers bank and in his spare time wrote of a sudden stories and poetry and contributed drawings to the University of Mississippis annual (Locher). His talent was recognized early on by his good friend Phil jewel, Faulkners first literary mentor. Stone encouraged and instructed him in his interests and was a unceasing source of current books and magazines (Faulkner 699). After short sti nts in the Royal Canadian Air Force and then as a postal service employee, Faulkner, with Stones financial assistance, published The Marble Faun, a collection of his poetry. Sales were poor, however, and it was evident that Faulkners real talent was in writing fictional short stories and novels. His first novel, Soldiers Pay, was published in 1926 and was an impressive achievementstrongly evocative of the sense of alienation experienced by soldiers returning from cosmea War I to a civilian world of which they seemed no longer a part (Faulkner 699).

The Beat Generation Essay -- essays research papers fc

The beat movement is a literary period born out of World War II. This movement in American Literature has travel an important period in the history of literature and society in America. Characterized by personal alienation and contempt for convention, the movement celebrated stylistic independence and spontaneity. The Beat writers created a new vision of modern life and altered the nature of awareness in America. The Beat Generation was one of the first groups of writers to plunder down the barriers of traditional literature and set a precedent for future writers with their writing trend, their way of life, and by the messages they portrayed. They were the kids dressed in black, hanging out at coffee shops, reading their latest poetry. They protested wars, were drug users, and openly expressed homosexuality, as they expressed every aspect of their life candidly. But, the Beats are best know for their writing style. It was unique for that time to cast aside conventional structure s of sentences and poetry. They used dashes instead of commas and periods to write the way a person hears speech. Their poetry had a style of its own, unknown to any other groups of poets at the time no rhyming, no structure, and non-conforming beauty.The Beat writers formed in New York City, started with only a hardly a(prenominal) members, but grew to have an impact on American society, especially in literature and politics, which still lasts today. Jack Kerouac and Allen Ginsberg were the founders of the Beat G...

Fetal Cell Transplants :: essays research papers

Transplanting fetal cells is an issue that is considered by some as a like saver, and at the same time considered murder by others. It is a actually controversial subject, which can be looked at in different ways. at one time researched, people make their own personal opinion on the subject. many a(prenominal) who develop their own views have no background knowledge of it, which should not be done. After reading, Difficult Decisions Fetal Cell Transplants, I have developed my own opinion.In certain situations, it is almost the right thing to do, in my mind. Many children argon the result of an accident. A portion of those fetuses are aborted. By donating, you can help save a sustenance. In the United States alone, 1.5 million fetuses are aborted each year. Why not put then to use?I think that the choice should be available if the mother decides to do so. If someone very close to you, or even you were dying, and the doctor said, Because of a previous fetus donation, we may be abl e to save you. Would your decision about the transplants change? Im sure anyone would go against their beliefs to save the life of someone close to them its almost like a reflex.There are certain cases where I have an opposite opinion. For example, when someone uses it to decrease aging, it really wasnt needed, and it probably could have been put to better use for someone who needed it. God do everyone to age and eventually die, so that process should go on as it is. Just because you may disagree with the idea, doesnt mean it cant be an option for others.Sometimes pregnancies werent meant to happen, like if somebody was raped. The child is either going to be put up for adoption, where there is a chance that life could be miserable, or it would be aborted. The child is not actually developed enough to consider it murder although some may think differently. Dr. Lister, Orthopedics, says, Abortions are something that arrogate place regardless, professionally or not. The possibility of donating a newly conceived fetus to help save another should be open.

A Picture is Worth a Thousand Words :: essays papers

A Picture is Worth a Thousand Words picture taking may be a more than effective and reasonably inexpensive alternative to drawing or painting, only when more thought and feeling goes into a painting than a photograph. Photography is relatively simple in comparison to painting, which is a much more complex task. With photography, the composition is already completely arranged, but with a painting the objective is much more open to interpretation by the artist. The artist has the ability to capture much more emotion, understanding, and significance in an event and apply this fiery drive to his paintbrush when creating his own masterpiece. When dealing with reality, I think a photograph may represent an actual physical retrospection of a person or object, but a painting created from scratch adds the reality of perception to the equation. Reality is always open to a different thoughtfulness and interpretation.Artists during the Realism extremity concentrated on the real world a s they saw it, and chose to construct their pieces of work with normal, everyday activities, therefore making it all the more real. One painter during this time period was Jean-Baptiste-Camille Corot. In his piece titled Ville dAvray, he chooses to capture a woman in a forest-like setting. The textbook states Corot worked very quickly so that he could capture the underlying rhythm of nature to make his landscapes reveal the magic moment of truth. In my interpretation, his quick brushstrokes in light and dark values are meant to create movement you can practically jut the wind blowing through the rustling trees, gently swaying the womans long, flowing skirt. With his choice of colors, I can feel a slight chill from the breeze due to the haziness and dimly lit sky. If this were a photograph, the insure would be less blurred, and I would see a woman, a couple of trees, and more defined colors. I wouldnt feel anything from the photograph. I would just see objects. With this painting however, I interpret it to make me feel a certain way (serene and lethargic), and it provokes me to ponder as to why this woman is amongst the trees on such a blustery day. This painting allows me to reflect and speculate upon whether the artist had similar feelings while creating such a magnificent composition.Another thought-provoking painting created during the Realism period is Gustave Courbets Burial at Ornans.

A Picture is Worth a Thousand Words :: essays papers

A Picture is Worth a Thousand WordsPhotography may be a more effective and fairly inexpensive alternative to drawing or word picture, but more thought and feeling goes into a painting than a photograph. Photography is relatively simple in comparison to painting, which is a much more complex task. With photography, the composition is already completely arranged, but with a painting the objective is much more unmannerly to interpretation by the artist. The artist has the ability to capture much more emotion, understanding, and significance in an event and apply this fiery drive to his paintbrush when creating his own master forgather. When transaction with reality, I think a photograph may represent an actual physical recollection of a person or object, but a painting created from scratch adds the reality of perception to the equation. Reality is always open to a different observation and interpretation.Artists during the Realism period concentrated on the real world as they s aw it, and chose to construct their pieces of work with normal, everyday activities, therefore making it all the more real. One painter during this time period was Jean-Baptiste-Camille Corot. In his piece titled Ville dAvray, he chooses to capture a woman in a forest-like setting. The text states Corot worked very quickly so that he could capture the central rhythm of nature to make his landscapes reveal the magic moment of truth. In my interpretation, his quick brushstrokes in light and dark values are meant to create driving you can practically see the wind blowing through the rustling trees, gently swaying the womans long, flowing skirt. With his choice of colors, I can feel a slight chill from the breeze due to the haziness and dimly lit sky. If this were a photograph, the image would be less blurred, and I would see a woman, a couple of trees, and more defined colors. I wouldnt feel anything from the photograph. I would just see objects. With this painting however, I interpret it to make me feel a certain way (serene and lethargic), and it provokes me to ponder as to why this woman is amongst the trees on such a blustery day. This painting allows me to reflect and speculate upon whether the artist had alike(p) feelings while creating such a magnificent composition.Another thought-provoking painting created during the Realism period is Gustave Courbets Burial at Ornans.

A Story from My Memory: The Clash

Memories past events that tell the history of a person this makes him or her unique from otherwise people. Memories, if I think about it, I guess I do not welcome much of that. It is conscionable the way it is for me. It is like my memories are tardily removed from my mind so that not much of my history is left. However, despite this, in that respect was this one night a long time ago that I would never forget.I believe it was in the year 1992, though my mind tells me that it is not sure whether it really was. Do you know the feeling of knowing the period in your life when an event happened, yet, at the same time, you are not sure of the time details? I think this is a great example for that. somewhere in my brain, there is sureness that the event happened during my 5th or 6th year of life. The setting was Saudi Arabia, my homeland, and it was before the beginning of the Desert Storm.Just like all(prenominal) other siblings, my sister and I love staying up late. During that nig ht we planned to stay up all night to chit-chat and play. We planned to do the stuff typical girls enjoy. The night was beautiful and intellectionl for that. Children would have loved to enjoy that night, of course, without knowing the following events to happen.There were clear skies. As we lay in bed, there was a abrupt flash of light coming from the window. It was really b responsibility The first thing that came into my mind was to know the source of the light. Without further thinking, I went out to see what that was, and there came what seemed to be the source it was an explosion. I saw a big explosion in the mid-air.My mind went haywire. As young as I was back then, I whitethorn say that I was really vulnerable and fragile. For a moment, I could not move and I was shocked at the huge explosion right in front of my eyes. Now that I think of it, I would surely say that it was no laughing matter, and it was completely nothing like what my sister and I had intended to do that night.The explosion that I saw was the second one and I was afraid of the next. I just knew that there was another one coming, and I was right. Ten seconds later, as I stayed to watch what happened next, there was a flying object coming from the same direction In my mind, I was like saying, Oh no It might hit us and then, I saw something that flew from the ground, and it hit that flying object.It exploded A clash Voila Another explosion right before my induce eyes The events were too much to handle. I was so young to see the bad things of the world.My body was pumped with adrenaline as I witnessed the event. I panicked and I was so afraid that all I can think of was to run to my parents room. When I reached their room, I saw my take trying to calm my mother. My fuss was from the military.He gave my mother directions on what to do. He said to her, You should take the kids and go with your family out of the city. Why did he tell her that? Why did we have to leave? My mind was lav ish of questions but at the same time all I can do is follow. Afterwards, my father received a phone call from the military base. My fathers reaction was to wear his military uniform, say goodbye to us and leave.My mind, as young as it was, cannot fully understand the happenings that night. However, as the years passed, I learned that that moment was the beginning of the desert storm. It was also only after a while when I learned about the anti-missile system that was used to cling to Saudi Arabia was the same thing that comforted the people in our place from the ballistic missile heading near our home.The United States provided antiballistic defense during those times to protect the kingdom during the Gulf War. (ARCENT Saudi Arabia (ARCENT-SA) ) Without the protection, who knows what may have happened. I am very thankful that what I witnessed was a series of mid-air explosions instead of ground ones or else wide-ranged death may be my story here.My youthful mind can be said to be not as innocent as it may be. To me, the event was a mind-opening one. It made me cognisant of the nature of humans and the things that they do. As I look at my young self, I may say that I have already witnessed the harshness of man-made evils that can really kill people. The missiles may not have harmed us physically, but emotionally and intellectually, there have been scars from that event. The mere thought of my father leaving for war where life is like always hanging in line is a very devastating idea for me.People can be harmed by the technology that man builds at the same time, it can also protect them. The event in my life that I told is a part of my history, maybe not only mine, but also of others who have seen it. Now, as I brought my story to life through my writing, it made me more aware of my life. It made me realize that around us, disasters are possible, natural or artificial. These phenomena take lives as they pass and that we must be ready. Our life on earth is ju st short and we must make every moment of it count.Bibliography ARCENT Saudi Arabia (ARCENT-SA) . (n.d.). Retrieved June 02, 2010, from Global Security.Org http//www.globalsecurity.org/military/agency/army/arcent-sa.htm

Noonan Syndrome

Noonan Syndrome Nicole Mitchell Dr. Hendricks Principles of Biology 1114 April 19, 2013 Mostly e veryone in the world has h auricula atriid of some type of genetic derange. But most mountain nursent even heard or understand about Noonan Syndrome. Noonan syndrome is a genetic disorder characterized by distinctive facial features, developmental delay, learning difficulties, short tallness, natural heart disease, renal anomalies, and bleeding difficulties. Noonan syndrome affects a good percent of the world and whitethorn happen to anyone. Noonan syndrome has many key symptoms and very few certain preaching options.Noonan syndrome used to be referred to as the male version of Turners syndrome (and is still sometimes described in this way) however, the genetic causes of Noonan syndrome and Turner syndrome are distinct. The principal features of Noonan disorder hold congenital heart defect (typically pulmonary valve stenosis) also ASD, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, short stature, le arning problems, pectus excavatum, impaired blood clotting, and a characteristic configuration of facial features including a webbed neck and a flat nose bridge.The syndrome is named after Dr. Jacqueline Noonan. Mutations that cause Noonan syndrome alter genes encoding proteins with roles in the RAS-MAPK pathway, leading to pathway deregulation. Noonan syndrome is a relatively roughhewn genetic disorder with an estimated prevalence of 1 in 1000 to 1 in 2500 births. If someone knows enough about this disorder, they may be able to dirt them out. However, people who have Noonan syndrome have problems not only on the outside besides principally on the inside. Noonan patients have to battle a lot mainly when it comes to their heart.Cardiomyopathy is more than fifty percent of the problem and the main reason of death. To explain for a moment, Cardiomyopathy lavatory cause heart failure and sudden cardiac death. not only do they have to worry about cardiomyopathy, they have atrial sep tal defect (ASD). ASD only appears in ten percent or less of Noonan patients and may be so small it will not affect the patient to an extreme level. To elaborate, ASD al sufferings oxygen to get to the tissues, organs, and to each side of the heart. Not only does Noonan disorder have problems in the cardio area, but also in the gastrointestinal system.Infants up to adults may have problems with their appetite, digestive issues, forceful vomiting, and difficulties swallowing. Considering normal people eat through their mouth, it can be very hard or unpleasant for a infant with Noonan syndrome to eat and not only eat but to keep it down. Another big issue with Noonan patients are they tend to have a hematologic symptoms like easy bruising, blood clotting disorders, and partial wish of Factor VIIIC, XIC, and XIIC. Not only do I feel bad for the patient themselves, but whoever has to take care of them.Since no one has x-ray vision except for Superman, it comes in handy to know the ext ernal signs of Noonan Syndrome. Noonan syndrome sounds like a few disorders combined. Their body stature and posture is very unmannered. They normally have a short stature, cervical neck or spine, scoliosis, a depression or outward breast bone, and a very low muscle tone. Their head usually has excess skin on the back of the neck, a low hairline in the back and high hair line in the front. Their heads are usually large and triangular shaped. They have a short and/or webbed neck.Their eyes are unusually very wide and their eyelids ease up excess fully. Over ninety percent has low set ears, backward rotated ears, thick outer rim of the ear and sometimes incomplete ear folds. They have a deeply grooved top lip line and their fingers are bluntly ended, sometimes extra padded (on toes as well), and may have poor tongue control. Sometimes we do not even notice most of these body parts, but now that people know they often look. discourse of the symptoms and complications that occur with Noonan syndrome depends on their type and severity.Many of the health and physical issues associated with this syndrome are treated just the way they are in the general population. The heart will be treated with certain drugs and surgery may be necessary. Since there are no many different factors with Noonan syndrome children are checked multiple times a year. Family doctors or the doctors of the parents choosing focus on the blood chemistry, thyroid function, bone growth and hormone levels. If a childs growth hormone levels are insufficient, growth hormone therapy may be a treatment option.For the other factors like learning disabilities, vision care, and etc. , they are treated like every other special child and normal child. If the child does, and most likely will, have a learning disability then if caught early on doctors can find certain centers that instruct on speech and the learning process. When you look up or study these genetic disorders, you learn that most of them are really not so rare. I have heard about Noonan Syndrome before but I never knew how common it was. I only learned that it is a very unique disorder and sounds very much like Turners syndrome.It makes me sad to believe that parents have to suffer so much through all of these treatments and never keen really what they can do. They may wake up one morning and their child has gone into cardiac arrest. Its a sad disorder and there is no treatment for the Noonan syndrome itself, but only what they can do for anyone else. Not saying that the medicine today is not good enough, but maybe not fast enough or efficient enough for a child or adult who has so many more problems to deal with. I can only imagine that they person will be required to take a minimum of fifteen pills a day depending on how many symptoms they have.Noonan syndrome is a terrible genetic disorder that affects both the inside and outside of every patient. It is a roller coaster ride of a life and never know what will or ma y happen once the child or adult falls asleep. It is common everywhere in the world and happens between one g-force and two thousand five hundred children a year. Even though it is very similar to Turners Syndrome, this happens in both males and females. Most children with the disorder look alike(predicate) and have most of the same symptoms. It is unlikely to have other symptoms, but with this genetic disorder anything is possible.Signs or symptoms increase all of the time and there is no set guideline for the things that may occur. Work Citied Romano, A. , MDA, and Allanson, J. , MDb. Noonan Syndrome Clinical Features, Diagnosis, and Management Guidelines. Google Scholar. 27 September , 2010. Pediatrics Vol. 126 No. 4 p. 746 -759. Web. 12 April , 2013. http//pediatrics. aappublications. org/content/126/4/746. full. Lisbona, P. and Moreno, M. Noonan Syndrome Google Scholar. environ 2009 vol. 18 no. 3 p. 267-269. Web. 09 April, 2013. http//lup. sagepub. com/content/18/3/267. abs tract. Pediatr, C. Noonan Syndrome An Update and Review for the Primary Pediatrician. Google Scholar. September 1994 33p. 548-555. Web. 12 April, 2013. http//cpj. sagepub. com/content/33/9/548. full. pdf+html Connor, W. and Noonan J. Noonan syndrome A clinical description emphasizing the cardiac findings. Wiley Online Library. 19 JAN 2011. Japan Pediatric Society. Web. 10 April, 2013. http//onlinelibrary. wiley. com/doi/10. 1111/j. 1442-200X. 1996. tb03443. x/abstract. Baraitser, M. and Patton, M. A Noonan-like short stature syndrome with sparse hair. Journal of Medical Genetics. 232. Web. 08 April, 2013.

Hamlet History

hamlet is a calamity written by William Shakespeare. The account recounts the acts how Prince juncture takes revenge on his uncle Claudia, who has murdered King Hamlet, then interpreted the throne, and married to his mother, Queen Gertrude. Shakespeare was successful making a puzzle surround Hamlet which reveals so many important ambiguities that even the audience of all propagation cannot resolve with certainty. One of those ambiguities is whether Hamlet seems to be more determine or more metaphysical freedom.In my perspective, I believe Hamlet is more on the determined did. He Is a product of many factors that have made him what he Is, and which continue to shape all of his behavior. (Washburn, pop) In the very first words of talking to to court, Claudia quickly workforcetions of our sometime sister, now our queen, mirth in funeral, dirge in marriage, and taken to wife(Hamlet, 1. . 8-14). All those words like splashing cold piddle straight on Hamlets face. He knows he Is going to loss everything along with his mother, Queen Gertrude, who he is deeply in love with.That speech destroys family, love, hope, and confidence in his life. As a result, the sadness left over inside him causes the indignation and anger toward King Claudia and Queen Gertrude. Hamlets worst fears about Claudia are in any case sustain from this point because he obviously notices his uncles motive and purpose. In the darkness, the ghost comes to rouse Hamlet to revenge his death. How can this nonphysical soul affect only Hamlet and his friends physical nervous systems, but the entire characters?Washburn points out only physical things can affect other physical things. (Washburn, pop) I believe the scene Hamlet and the ghost is a determined plan. Lets say in other words. After the court, Hamlet meets his three friends. They have a change to talk about the story of how his father Is murder. After all, Claudia has committed a sin, that sin must to be returned with punishment. Ham let must be the man who would inherited the throne as what he is meant to be. The plan of retributive solelyice Is causally determined by Hamlet and his friends.He now carries both internal and external forces of That ever I was born to pock it right (Hamlet, l. V. 21 1) Metaphysical libertarians believe that Hamlet is not pretending to be a madman. His behavior is not coerced or constrained by anything (Washburn, pop) because he actually has mental Issues. I agree that he Is certainly mad and upset over his fathers death and his mothers remarriage, but he is not crazy. He Just does too honourable of pretending to be mad as he suggests.Imagining you fall into the same your uncle does not suspicious about you? Significantly, he declares, l am but mad north-north-west. When the wind is southerly, I know a hawk from a handsaw (Hamlet, al. Ii. 402-403). Hamlet knows himself is mad at certain time, and the rest he can distinguish between things that do not resemble each other. Theref ore, an over acted madman is also determined by his plan and his actual madness. Washburn also says that our thoughts and actions are determined because we know that all events are causally determined. (Washburn, pop) Similarly in this case, Hamlets thoughts and actions are mainly determined after a simultaneous tragedy of his fathers death and his mothers hasty marriage to his uncle. Furthermore, all of the sudden do not happen by chance. It is causally determined by Claudia, who stands behind all those tragedies with slimy ambitions of power and sexuality. In other rods, it is reasonable to believe that Hamlets behaviors are mostly determined from those horrible external forces, rather than metaphysical freedom. Question 2. So that in the first place, I put a general inclination of all mankind, a perpetual and restless desire of power after power, that acetates only in death. (Hobbes, pop) I agree that humankind ( socially) have a restless desire of power. They want the power of obtaining not only some current apparent good but also more future apparent goods, because they naturally want to satisfy themselves with better quality and quantity. Even thought, those desires are such different things humans of all times still seek and acquire power after power in order to assure their satisfactions and avoid aversion of death.Humans do not need power to live among each other however, without such desires they will stop and believe themselves to be complete satisfactions. Therefore, it whitethorn repel the human civilization, which causes multitudinous loss in social. Competition of riches, honor, command, or other power, inclined to contention, enmity, and war because the way of one competitor to the attaining of his desire to ill, subdue, supplant, or repel the other. (Hobbes, pop) I believe this state of chaos might happen during Hobbes social when human totally lacked of knowledge, moral, and law.Radical freedom enables them to complete their desires by harming others with contention, enmity, and war. Human in current social is different. They may have desire to kill to obscure the glory of the other. However, an improved social with higher knowledge and stronger law prevents them from making those evil desires in order to understand a restless desire of power become lately competition of riches, honor, command, or other power, which pushes a pressure on human kind to cook more and more of better good. If any two men desire the same thing, which nevertheless they cannot both enjoy, they become enemies and in the way to their end, which is principally their induce conservation, and sometimes their delectation only, endeavor to destroy or subdue one another. (Hobbes, pop) In history of the late nineteenth century and early twentieth century, the broad China nation is like a giant cake for the more powerful countries. The power rulers at the mime are the USA, the I-J, Germany, Japan, French, and Russia.They all want to pick ou t China, and make it their own. From fear of death, or wounds (Hobbes, 4, pop) these six counties turn enemies into partnerships so that everyone can afford to own exclusive piece of China. This example goes against Hobbes theory, which indicates if any two men desire the same thing they are not necessary to become enemies. There is no need for an end of destroying or subduing one another. The modern social is arming to this point, where the same desire can end with satisfaction.

Picasso Final Paper

Final Paper William Kidwell ART101 Art Appreciation Instructor Patricia Venecia-Tobin October 8, 2012 Evaluate Pablo Picassos Demoiselles dAvignon. How did this work reshape the art of the early twentieth century? Pablo Picassos house painting Les Demoiselles dAvignon is a wonderful piece of art, and the style in which the picture is painted is real typical of Picasso. The artist consummate the picture in the beginning of the previous century, in 1907, and use oil on canvas. Gener every last(predicate)y, Pablo Picasso is famous for unnatur tout ensembley distorted prototypes in his paintings of that year, and Les Demoiselles dAvignon is a bulky example.The picture is now hanging in the Museum of Modern Art in New York. Pablo Picasso hated discussing his art, yet once he spoke frankly almost Les Demoiselles dAvignon, his greatest painting and a touchstone of 20th-century art that is 100 years old this summer. On this occasion, Picasso did non address the subjects that transfix art historians the origin of Cubism, the supervene upon of old avant- gardes, and the impact of non-Western art. He cut through academic dissertations to offer one of his most heartfelt admissions about wherefore he made art. He spoke of artworks as weapons . . . gainst every social function . . . against unknown, threatening spirits, and he affirmed that Les Demoiselles dAvignon . . . was my start-off exorcism painting yes absolutely His encounters also return us to the idea of art as exorcism. When Picasso spoke about art being a weapon, he was specifically describing African fetishes. He called them defensive weapons Theyre tools. If we give spirits a form, we become independent. In this sense, the splintered piazzas and awe around creatures of Les Demoiselles vividly embody looming malevolent and seductive forces and stop them in their tracks.Picassos painting pushes us to the edge of primal confrontation. It projects human savagery only to ensnare it in the painted crust. Jacques Doucet failed to offer the painting to the Louvre, and a fewer years after his death the 10-year-old Museum of Modern Art acquired not only a chef-doeuvre but international stature as the leading museum of contemporary art when it purchased the painting in 1939. Since that date, Les Demoiselles has been almost continuously on public view (a sure exhibition at the Museum of Modern Art, Picassos Demoiselles dAvignon at 100, is up through Aug. 7 and displays the painting with 11 related works). Yet only in the past few years have we had the chance to see it almost as it pick uped when it left Picassos studio in 1924. In 2003-04, MoMA undertook a generous-scale conservation effort and simple(a) the picture of layers of varnish that someone other than Picasso had applied. For generations, the varnish masked the physical texture and mass of Picassos brushwork under an anodyne sheen. Now we see the painting the focussing Picasso left it a raw, intensely fractured ski n of ideas. ( Fitzgerald, M. (2007, Jul 21).PURSUITS leisure & arts masterpiece His unladylike young ladies in 1907, picassos les demoiselles shattered convention. Wall Street Journal. Retrieved from http//search. proquest. com/docview/398999057? accountid=32521) Pablo Picasso worked on Les Demoiselles dAvignon as he had never worked on any painting before. One art historian has even claimed that the hundreds of paintings and drawings produced during its six- month gestation constitute a metre of preparatory work unique not only in Picassos career, but without parallel, for a single picture, in the entire history of art.Certainly, it matches the work artists had traditionally put into history paintings and frescoes. Picasso knew he was doing something important, even revolutionary but what? What struck Picasso about African masks was the most obvious thing that they disguise you, turn you into something else an animal, a demon, a god. modernness is an art that wears a mask. It does not say what it means it is not a window but a wall. Picasso picked his subject matter but because it was a cliche he wanted to show that originality in art does not lie in arrative, or morality, but in formal invention. This is why its misguided to see Les Demoiselles dAvignon as a painting about bordellos, prostitutes or colonialism. The great, lamentable tragedy of 18th- and 19th-century art, compared with the brilliance of a Michelangelo, had been to lose sight of the act of creation. Thats what Picasso blasts a demeanor. Modernism in the arts meant exactly this victory of form over content. That doesnt mean it is disconnected from the world. Les Demoiselles dAvignon could not be more earthily, pungently affective it is, after all, full of sex.Its a sexuality that bears no resemblance to that of, say, Klimt. Although it emerges from the same decadent milieu, it does things no artist of the fin- de-siecle had contemplated. In this painting Picasso anticipates the disco veries he made explicit in his cubist pictures he all but obliterates the 500-year-old western tradition of perspective by flattening his contour silhouettes in a space that goes nowhere. Its this visual violence that liberates his eroticism, because it erases any subject matter or narrative.Such a tremendous unbinding of desire was unprecedented in art, not to mention Christian culture. After the first world war, Andre Breton came to Picassos studio, saw Les Demoiselles dAvignon and recognised it as the definitive modern masterpiece. Breton, the leader of the surrealists, saw in it a painting about the revolutionary menace of the unconscious, and he was right. (Jones, J. (2007, Jan 09). G2 Arts Pablos punks Its exactly a century since Picasso painted les demoiselles davignon.Jonathan Jones reveals why this explosion of sex, anarchy and violence gave birth to the whole of modern art. The Guardian. Retrieved from http//search. proquest. com/docview/246571101? accountid=32521) This painting was painted in 1907. It was called the most innovative painting since the work of Giotto, when Les Demoiselles dAvignon first appeared it was as if the art world had collapsed. Known form and respresnetation were completely abandoned. The reductionism and contortion of space in the painiting was incredible, and dislocation of side of meats explosive.Like any revolution, the shock waves reverbetrated and the requisite outcome was Cubism. This large work, which took nine months to complete, exposes the true genius and novelty of Picassos passion. Suddenly he found freedom of expression a path from current and classical cut influences and was able to carve his own path. Picasso created hundreds of planes and studies in preparation for the final work. It was painted in Paris during the summer of 1907. Demoiselle was revolutionary and controversial, and led to anger and dissimilitude amongst his closest associates and friends.Picasso long acknowledged the importance of Span ish art and Iberian sculpture as influences on the painting. Demoiselle is believed by critics to be influenced by African tribal masks and the art of Oceania, although Picasso denied the connection many art historians remain skeptical about his denials. Several experts maintain that, at the very least, Picasso visited the Musee dEthnographie du Trocadero in the spring of 1907 where he saw and was unconsciously influenced by African and Tribal art several months before completing Demoiselles.Some critics argue that the painting was a reaction to Henri Matisses Le bonheur de vivre and dark-skinned Nude. Picasso drew each figure differently. The woman pulling the curtain on the far right has heavy paint application throughout. Her head is the most cubists of all five-spot, featuring sharp geometric shapes. The cubist head of the crouching figure underwent at least two revisions from an Iberian figure to its current state. Much of the critical debate that has interpreted place over t he years centers on attempting to account for this multiplicity of styles within the work.The dominant understanding for over five decades, espoused most notably by Alfred Barr, the first director of the Museum of Modern Art in New York City and organizer of major career retrospectives for the artist, has been that it can be interpreted as evidence of a transitional period in Picassos art, an effort to connect his earlier work to Cubism, the style he would help invent and develop over the next five or six years.Since the late 18th century, artists had been re-evaluating the Renaissances concept of pictorial space, created through the means of linear and atmospheric perspective, whereby a fixed spectator observed a cube of space in which the sense of depth was created by a geometric diminution of objects in scale and in clarity as, apparently, they receded into the distance.. For Picasso, this rendering of space was no longer valid because the fixed spectator no longer existed.Now t he modern spectator had been transformed into someone who was in constant movement, forced to look at objects from several points of view. Picasso became obsessed with what he regarded as the anachronistic artistic rules governing the representation of trio-dimensional form on a flat get along and with reconciling them with the new modern acceleration. Les Demoiselles dAvignon represents a working out of this reconciliation. His solution was to paint five nude contorted women. Now lets examine why he would portray them in such a manner.If we examine the seated woman to our right, youll notice that her face and arms are facing us but her torso, shag and extremities are turned away from us. In other words, Picasso lets us simultaneously glimpse at different aspects of this woman that a fixed viewer could not ordinarily do so. In other words, Picasso is trying to show us a composite of this woman from as many different points of view as possible so that we may experience her in her totality. Picasso does the very same thing to the woman standing to our left.If we examine her closely, we exit notice that she is ambiguously portrayed. archetypical of all, her face is depicted both laterally and frontally. She is posed like an ancient Egyptian form who looks to the side but whose eye looks directly to the front. Furthermore, if we inspect her body, we will discover something very odd. Her right side is depicted dorsally, whereas her left side is portrayed frontally. Its as if Picasso has twisted her body so that we may get a glimpse of as many aspects of her as possible.In other words, Picasso wants to show us this woman in her entirety. In rendering the new reality, Picasso also abandons harmonious bodied proportions. This, of course, was done on purpose since Picasso had been trained at art school how to render the human figure through mathematical proportions. The woman located at the very center of the canvas is quite disproportionate, elongated as though she were a figure out of an El Greco painting. If we focus on her extremities, they seem to go on forever, as if her short-waisted torso was out of context with the rest of her body.And so it goes for the rest of the figures in the picture. Was in that location any precedent for doing such a thing? Picassos Les Demoiselles is homage to Paul Cezannes The Bathers. Not only do both works echo Cezannes dictum of the cone, the cylinder, and the sphere, but both paintings distort the human body. However, whereas Cezanne distorts the women in The Bathers in order to bring the viewer into the pictorial plane and to balance the figures and structures within the painting, Picasso does so for a different purpose.Picasso distorts each of these women to show who is in powerthat he can take control and mangle themand that, in the final analysis, they still threaten him as human beings. But this distortion and use of pure geometrical shapes are not the only elements that Picasso borrows from Ceza nnes work. Picasso limits his palette just as Cezanne does because both are concerned more with the rendering of form than with the use of color. To have used more colors than the blues, pinks, ochres, rusts, and grays that he employs would have been distracting.Furthermore, these colors are totally flat, as though to purport that these women are linearly rendered, constructed rather than modeled. Les Demoiselles is also disturb in the ghastly and violent way that the womens faces are portrayed. Georges Braque went so far as to say that Picasso was drinking turpentine and spitting fire. But these women appeared the way they do for very specific reasons. These women are, after all, prostitutes who are cold, calculating businesswomen who dabble in sex for a profit and who practice a savage profession.The three women on the left look as though they were made from stone, and, remember, the onlooker is a sexual voyeur who is experiencing sexual anxiety. There is nothing inviting about each of them. Their faces are derived from the pre-Roman Iberian bronzes that Picasso had seen in the Louvre and had been experimenting with since 1906. The two remaining womens faces are borrowed from African sculpture, a jarring juxtaposition. Perhaps one of the reasons why he did this is to suggest the dark, uncivilized nature of the oldest profession.Another reason is that these women represent a composite of the Spanish people, descended from native tribes the Iberian Peninsula, North Africa, and middle-eastern Jews. Furthermore, perhaps Picasso is even alluding to the final stages of syphilis, whereby the human face becomes a bulbous mask of thickened skin. But maybe Picassos interest in deforming their faces is purely a formal one, a means of negating naturalism and embracing abstraction and distortion.Nevertheless, this plundering of African art was revolutionary in that Picasso uses it to shock the viewer through brutality and savagery. Painting was never to be the same. sooner Les Demoiselles was going to be an allegory of venereal disease entitled The Wages of Sin. In the study for the painting, Picasso sketched a sailor carousing in a brothel amongst prostitutes and a young medical student holding a skull, a symbol for mortality. But the subsequent painting is quite different from the original sketch only the women appear.And these women are not the traditional nudes that viewers had become so accustomed to in the 1880s when Degas and Toulouse-Lautrec had begun to capture them in the moment of the parade, whereby prostitutes announced their wares and function to their clients. Nor are these women feminine and beautiful as Ingres Venus Anadyomene. Then who are these women in this brothel in Barcelonas Avignon Street and why do they appear the way they do? Perhaps the answers to these questions lie in Picassos fear of women in general. Their flesh is not depicted as being soft and inviting but sharp and knifelike.In fact, their flesh suggests ca stration and fear of women. As Robert Hughes implies, No painter put his anxiety about impotence and castration more plainly than Picasso did in Les Demoiselles, or project it through a more violent dislocation of form. Even the melon that sweet and pulpy fruit, looks like a weapon. But are there any other reasons why Picasso gives these women these shocking forms? Looked at in this way, it could be said that Les Demoiselles carries a message of filth and disease through its representation of these prostitutes, the crouching figure the most so.It is as if Picasso has deliberately mutated the figures as a way to express the rising cultural awareness and effects of venereal disease, which had become a major threat to prostitutes and their clients lives and each prostitute in the painting depicts a stage in the effects of sexual disease and decay. The whole painting gives an impression of uneasiness, because it breaks all the traditional rules of Art and also because it shows a disturb ing scene that offers no sensuous interpretation the Demoiselles are not pretty, they look barely human and some even interpret their distorted faces as the signs of illness.Pablo Picassos painting Les Demoiselles dAvignon is a wonderful piece of art, and the style in which the picture is painted is very typical of Picasso. The artist completed the picture in the beginning of the previous century, in 1907, and used oil on canvas. Generally, Pablo Picasso is famous for unnaturally distorted figures in his paintings of that year, and Les Demoiselles dAvignon is a great example. The picture is now hanging in the Museum of Modern Art in New York. In collusion, Picasso contributed a great swop to the world.He gave the world 50,000 timeless pieces of work. He helped express his opinions on violence and the Spanish Civil War. And finally Picasso contributed Les Demoiselles dAvignon and cubism. Picasso was and extremely talented person and artist who gave the world a great deal of innovati ons and opinions and artwork. References www. faculty. mdc. edu www. pablopicasso. org http//search. proquest. com/docview/398999057? accountid=32521) http//search. proquest. com/docview/246571101? accountid=32521) www. ttexshevles. blogspot. com

Takem’s Appliances and Electronics

LLCAuthor Ashraf Bani DomiFebruary 16, 2018ACCT 511 Advanced Business Law for AccountantsProfessor Dean PoirierLiberty UniversityAbstractI would like to start my research paper and apex out the legality and the validity of the deal that Takems Appliances and Electronics LLC. used to sell their electronics as he had this new idea of selling them door-to-door which was a success and that spend to show advantage of this success by increasing his prices to 30% much if he delivers them to the nodes house. Also, I will explain the ethical consequences that the procedure Takem used in the region he lived in.Also, explaining the meaning of breach of the conjure and what constitutes the lowest requirements in search of remedies in these kinds of circumstances. And for the sales to be permissible, they must encounter every do primary(prenominal) of the legal criteria. Also, Takem must cast ethical accountability that takes place under the social responsibility to the small community he lives in.The legal case of fracture perambulator vs. Takems Appliances and Electronics, LLC will be analyzed and investigated regarding weather if the conclusion of this case is it legal, is it moral/ethical? IntroductionThe world of commerce and most business relationships are initiated on a contract. Understanding of contract law is crucial for all businesspeople, owners, and managers. Since most commercial arrangements are constructed on contractual relationships.A decent preliminary even out would be an empirical definition of a contract. Contracts include more than an arrangement or an sum upment between two or more parties. A contract is a promise or a set of promises for the breach of which the law gives a remedy, or the per appointance of which the law in or so way recognizes as a duty (Restatement (Second) of contract chapter 1 meaning of the marches).The contract can be simply described as a voluntary exchange of promises, creating obligations that, if defaulted o n or failed to pay, can be enforced and remedied by the judgeships.It is imperative that we understand as when reconcileing to terms of a contract, entities are created and defining their particular rules and obligations. This differs from other areas of the law, much(prenominal) as torts, where rules and obligations are imposed on them.Furthermore, a valid contract can create a situation in which parties to the contract can predict, with some certainty, their upcoming relationship because each party knows that the courts will hold them to their agreement.Despite the position courts will enforce a valid contract after it has been created, what the parties agree to in the first place in commonly unrestricted. Mr. Takems Business Model is it Legal?When we study contract law, the focus is commonplacely on the problems that can arise. It whitethorn on that pointfore appear that most contractual relationship experiences complications. In fact, most contracts are privileged or resol ved to the mutual satisfaction of the parties, and the courts become perplex in a slight amount of contractual agreements, when an unfeasible dis put togethere arises.Hence, addressing our case study in this project we need to outline some prefatorial terminology that we discussed above and trying to apply it to our client, named Takems Appliances and Electronics, LLC. Takems Appliances and Electronics, LLC owned and operated by Tommy Takem. Tommy Takem owns Takems Appliances and Electronics, LLC that participates in what might give the impression to some to be a very utile business.However, we need to read through the surrounding circumstances and the case scenario to understand and advise our client what are the best business come he could hold back with his business, and whether we agree with his business practices or not, our constrain her in this case is to provide a legal guiding in this section and then will satisfy how to evaluate, and explain to him the legal conseq uences as well as his potentials, nevertheless from the first glance and the studying we can see that most of our client Mr. Takem and his business activities obeying to law, further still need to be examined, and also we to talk about some moral philosophy practice that could prime unexpected results. Which is something we will cover in more detail later, in our case study.Takems business (Takems Appliances and Electronics, LLC) is located in a rural area of Southwest Virginia, and the majority of its customers are poorer residents of the Appalachian regions of Virginia, Tennessee, Kentucky, and West Virginia. harmonise to our case, offer Walker vs. Takems Appliances and Electronics, LLC, our client, Tommy Takem. interested in concentrate his business around these rural areas because due to different reasons, there isnt much competition for his business which was an chance for his business.But the disadvantage was, most of the people who lived in these areas were relatively un educated enough to understand, poor credit, unsophisticated, and other reasons. Moreover, there was a demand for appliances and electronics. And because there werent umpteen appliances stores around those areas, people needed to buy them. Tommy took advantage of that and cast upd his prices between 10-20%. This process adapted by our client is widening the precise meaning of the contractual law.Tommys business has been doing so well after the increase in the prices. Tommy newly came up with an idea for expanding his business. He decided to begin selling his appliances and electronics door-to-door in the above-described regions. Until recently, it had been working great. He hired some great salespeople who really know how to apply the pressure and turn up the heat. Further, since he is providing a service to these societies by transporting the goods to their homes, he charges about 30% more than he would if the customers came to the store. Apparently, the salespeople do not mention this fact to the customers.Lately, Tommy received a letter from a disgruntled customer named gap Walker (an elderly widow lady who lives alone in the hills of Southwest Virginiaher children and grandchildren have all moved out of the area.) She has fallen behind on her wagess on her new laptop computer, and Tommy had started collection efforts. He had not yet referred it to a lawyer.The letter is very well written (which would be unexpected since Sally is not very well educated.) It indicates that her granddaughter, who recently graduated with an MS in Accounting from Liberty University Online helped her with it. It argues that the entire deal is unconscionable and therefore unenforceable.Moreover, the letter emphasizes that Sally has paid enough for the computer that she purchased and will not pay any more.Finally, the letter indicates that if Tommy pushes the matter more, Sally threatens to fulfil for punitive damages and write garner to the editors of various local papers th roughout the region to ruin his reputation. As we can see from the above surrounding circumstances and from the definition of the contract, our client has been operate with the compliance in accordance with the law and legality in most of his business transaction, as general roles, The foundations of Corporate Governance demand that organizational practice follows the legal requirements.In current times, news reviews of industry wrongdoings have forged uncertainty on the bottom line that submission is definitely the widespread procedure. (Realistic hypothetic Legal Scenarios Business Law for Accountants, 2013) despite the allegation letter from Ms. Walker, and despite the ethical conduct regarding the transparence in the new adapted policy and increase of 30% on the delivered items in this section, scarcely there is however still an exception to the legality of the later mentioned of the 30% this should be communicated to the other partiers of the contract.Whether the Argument in the Letter has any Merit?In response to a letter recently received which was written by Sally Walkers granddaughter of one of his customer, from lawyer bandstand of view, the indication of Sallys letter concerning and arguing the unconscionable act of our client (Takems Appliances and Electronics, LLC) by excessively charging their customers. In analyzing the precedent there could thee potential legal obligations first one, if Ms. Walker is serious enough about bringing this case to the court, the court whitethorn look upon the contract from the unconscionability part of it, charm court applies this point very scarcely, but still feasible defense to the plaintiff side due to Ms. Walker conditions.The second one is that Ms. Walker could recall for the punitive damage claim, as explained below.The third base one is regarding the undisclosed charges for the delivery services.Typically, court will enforce a valid contract after it has been formed, In deciding the validity of consider ation, courts will not look to the amount or type of considerations or the relative bargaining power of the parties (except in the rare case of a contract so heavy on one party as to indicate unconscionability) (ABLA, 2017).My concern here is to provide my client with a reasonable and accurate proceed legal standpoint and preventing him from a further and a future legal consequence. On the other hand, when Ms. Walkers proclaimed that the installment and the amount she has paid for the computer so far, is enough, I see this all was agreed upon before forming the agreement with her.Obviously, I would advise that each one of us should read and go through any kind of contract in a way that can clear and remove any suspicious completely, read through your paper one two or whatsoever, moreover, eternally seek for an expertise advise in most of your relationship areas, and save yourself of being an unexpected position.Should he Take the Threats Seriously?As react with concern in dete rmining whether my client should take Ms. Walkers letter in a serious manner because we are afraid that the court might rule to her advantage. When it is claimed or appears to the court that the contract or any clause thereof may be unconscionable the parties shall be afforded a reasonable opportunity to present turn up as to its commercial setting, purpose and effect to aid the court in making the determination. (106).The Restatement also has a similar rule which tracks the UCC provision. (107) The purpose of the unconscionability doctrine is to expressly allow courts to police contracts for terms they deem unconscionable. (108) Though unconscionable is not defined by the UCC, some definitions give a feel for what the originators of the doctrine may have intended. One court has defined it as that which affronts the sense of decency. (109)One dictionary definition is lying outside the limits of what is reasonable or acceptable shockingly unfair, harsh, or unjust. (110) (Bar-Gill, O ., Ben-Shahar, O., Marotta-Wurgler, F. 2017).Another word from the law that needs to be added here is that the procedure in which my client (Takems Appliances and Electronics, LLC) following by charges 30% more to delivering the appliances and electronics to the customers door-to-door and the fact that his salespeople intended or might have been instructed by Mr. Takem not to mention it to the customers.Despite the fact that my client, Mr. Takem, intentionally instructed them to mention the 30% increase or not, while he is the owner of the business and all of his employees should follow his instructions. The court might obtain this conclusion from his business conduct and count this against him as a form of misleading, uncommunicated as one of the criteria to validate a contract, misrepresentation, misrepresentation fraudulent or other entrance to breach this contract or similar contract since the court will incline for the advantage of the plaintiff (Ms. Walker) party of this cont ract against my client (Mr. Takem).As we go more through Ms. Walkers letter while she emphasizes that she is going to sue for punitive damages, whereas, punitive damages cannot normally be granted in contract disputes, here I wouldnt worry about this phrase either my client (Mr. Takem), as this is merely a threaten word in Ms. Walkers letter.However, this part in some case could be unpredictable, and because they are usually compensated in addition of the plaintiffs demonstrable injuries, and are awarded only in distinct cases, but to act as a prudent defends of my client (Mr. Takem) we need to supply him with the sound of law regarding this point, as a part of a lawyer due diligence where Jurors award punitive damages too often.The amounts they award are funny and unpredictable, even though they start from shared moral intuitions about the reprehensibility of defendants conduct. And when they deliberate and decide as juries, both the size and variability of the awards increase. Fe igenson, N. R. 2003).Its ambiguities which need to be turn proximately before any serious consequences superficial. Furthermore, the major ambiguity in the business operated in this case is the lack of transparency in its transactions with their customers this absence of transparency is most deceptive in the prices and the percentages of charge that they put on their products and their services. This lack of transparency, when visible, could cause serious issues to any business, and, an educated customer could very easily take them to court for misconduct and misleading if they dont change their method and honestly advise their customers of their business perfect.Should he Proceed with the Collection?To give my legal advice, I would advise that my client (Takems Appliances and Electronics, LLC) not to proceed with any further steps in collecting the remaining payments from Ms. Walker. However, this might result in having other customers doing the same as Ms. Walker. Which is refus ing to pay and threatening Mr. Takem again by suing his business and sending letters to media to ruin his business reputation.We would advise that Mr. Takem take longer period of time than usual before making any efforts for future collection in general, I would propose that Mr. Takem take an initial step by offering a payment discount for certain customers with some certain conditions with that he can plan ahead of time for his future project of establishing his own financing company, in main time this will participate in reshape his reputation in the area and encourage his customers to pay one time.Keeping the aforementioned trends, Takem needs to go beyond the unfeigned meaning of the law and let go of unfair and /or fraudulent corporate conduct this includes false advertising and/or ambiguous sales deals (Realistic Hypothetical Legal Scenarios Business Law for Accountants, 2013)Would Mr. Takem Set up a Financing Company? And what Should he do to Protect himself?I would strongl y recommend that Mr. Takem should go ahead in adopting this step, in order to prevent and protect his business from any future consequences. But the best would be if he can collaborate with an outside financing company to take over this portion of his business, in a separate entity form, to avoid and mitigate future obligations and losing his customers.Alternatively, want for an external collection agency to handle in arrears or uncollected payments. Seeking a collection agency-or evaluating the one you have-can improve bottom-line results while maintaining your professional image. Overall, be sure to find a company that delivers results and matches the image you want to project. Use this list as a guide of what to expect (Anonymous, 2015). With this step-in mind Mr. Takem should put more consideration to the law that regulates and the requirement to establish this kind of business from the participation of the comprehensive openness, full disclosure and the complete condition asso ciated with any arrangement.Finally, he wants to Know What do you Think About his Business Model- Regardless of whether you Conclude that it is Legal, is it Moral/Ethical?I believe the majority of us will agree in response to Mr. Takems ethics, and the way he is conducting his business is unethical, according to the given case events. Unethical port that is not illegal frequently falls in a grey area between right and wrong that makes it difficult to decide what to do when it is encountered. Furthermore, different people have different perspectives regarding what is ethical and what is unethical. Though, there is sometimes a difference between behaviors that are unethical and activities that are actually illegal.The definition of business ethics and the answer to the question of What is Business morals in Sales? is the principles, morals and standards that guide the behavior in the world of business and in sales relationships too (Spro, 2013). Ethics in sales is receiving a lot of attention over recent years even more so, as it is the correct way to conduct business in the long term and produce long-term sales results for the company and for the sales team.Moreover, Business ethics in sales can either come from the company itself, this means that the companies ethics guidelines are written into their policies and therefore can be reflected or reproduced through their sales team management and then the sales team too (Ivan, C. D. 2014).Therefore, disbelieve regarding corporate commitment to ethical obligations has always existed, particularly when maximization of profits might be at risk. However, despite such doubt two views have singled hope. First, a view has persisted that corporations at least feel compelled to comply with the law. At times violations of law might occur. However, this was not thought to be the pattern of behavior for corporations generally.Conscious violation of law was not the behavior expected. Second, a view has begun to be echoed th at business corporations are increasingly cognizant of ethical obligations beyond literal compliance with law, and increasingly feel compelled to act accordingly (Di Lorenzo, V. J Bus Ethics, 2007).

Accounting Information Systems Essay

Every Company or Business has different Information Systems that the put on to run the Company. There are various types of information placements employed by paysheet, accounts payable, accounts receivable, and accounting? Types of Information systems that are employed by payroll, accounts receivable, and accounts payable are Paychex, UltiPro payroll department bundle, ADP Payroll services, Intuitive Payroll Systems, and QuickBooks Payroll. Various types of Accounting Software is Microsoft Excel Spreadsheet, Intuit Quicken, Sage 50, and QuickBooks.Paychex Inc. s a payroll and human resource service guild which serves approximately 572,000 businesses in the US. The company provides services including Payroll Services, Time and Labor Management, HR Administration & Compliance, 401(k) Employee Benefits, Group Health Insurance, and Paychex HR Solutions. UltiPro by Ultimate Software is a comprehensive payroll, HR and talent anxiety system that is delivered on-demand as Software-as- a-Service in the cloud, giving organizations a highly accessible solution for human capital management (HCM).See more Distinguish surrounded by problem-foc employ coping and emotion-focused coping EssayQuickBooks payroll is used for payroll, calculating taxes, and filing and paying taxes. You can also switch to running QuickBooks payroll manually. Manual payroll requires you to calculate, file and pay your own taxes. Excel is an electronic spreadsheet program that can be used for storing, organizing and manipulating data. Other operations that excel can be used for includes graphing or charting data to assist users in identifying data trends and sorting and filtering data to find specific information. QuickBooks is accounting software product developed and marketed by Intuit.Sage 50 is an accounting software. With sage 50 you can manage cash flow, bespoke payments, and collections. You can gain insight with custom reporting for budgeting, cash flow management, and benchmarking. s imilarly Track inventory, plan purchases, or expand service offerings and Reduce errors and deter fraud with screen-level security and a clear audit trail. Riordan Manufacturing is a global plastics manufacturer. The company is owned by Riordan Industries, which is a Fortune 1000 enterprise with revenues in excess of $1 billion. The products that they produce is plastic beverage containers.The containers are produced in Albany, Georgia, the custom plastic parts produced at its plant in Pontiac, Michigan, and plastic fan parts produced at its facilities in Hangzhou, China. They employ 550 persons with projected yearly earnings of $46 million. Riordan Manufacturings mission is to focus its industry leaders in using polymer materials to provide solutions to our customers challenges. Riordan is a privately held company. The Chief Operating military officer (COO) is Hugh McCauley and the Chief Financial Officer (CFO) is Dale Edgel.Individuals in a business usually do not work alone all the time, but instead in teams, committees, departments, and other types of workgroups. Riordan Manufacturing is one of them. The hardware that Riordan Manufacturing used within the organization to support information systems is Management information systems, internal control system, and Enterprise Resource readying (ERP) System. The hardware this used is very sufficient. Todays ERP systems can cover a wide range of functions and integrate these functions into one unified database. ERP is a guidance to integrate the data and processes of an organization into a single system.Other hardware that is used to support the information systems is a monitor, processor, printer, and keyboard. They all work together to accept, process, state data and information. The types of software applications that is utilized to support the information systems is Windows NT 4. 0. Windows XP would better meet the needs of Riordan Manufacturing. Windows is very much a compatible software and it is easy to use and user friendly. Payroll, accounts payable, accounts receivables, and accounting information systems interact with one another. They all do this by storing and maintain information relating to business or financial transactions.Accounting software packages usually consist of several different modules based on the traditional manual accounting process. Modules include general accounting, fixed assets, accounts payable, accounts receivable, payroll. The accounting information system is divided into following sub-systems. The sub-systems include but not limited to payroll, accounts payable, and accounts receivable. The integration of the sub-systems leads to greater accuracy and higher speed with inputting and maintaining information.With that being said all tetrad interact effectively. I would crap some viable recommendations or uggestions to management to misrepresent the organization more efficient. Some recommendations or suggestions that I can make is making everything mobile. They can take advantage of mobile devices and mobile workforces to get information spread quicker. They can make the business more social. They can do this by integrating social technologies and using social networks to advertise the business. Riordan can do away with paper immortalize keeping and use technology to record information. They also can elaborate more on the hardware and software that they utilize to support their information systems.It was very difficult to find certain well-nigh the company. Riordan Manufacturing can make public information easier to find and more readily available to whomever needs to view it. Other areas of business of improvement that I would make is sharing resources, software applications that are installed on servers, and managing resources better. In all business can always use room for improvement because things changes and there is always a continuous growth when it comes to new advances in technology. Change is never a bad thing. Wi th making the organization more efficient allows things to be a fate easier and run more smoothly.

THE CORE

The same pole always ended up pointing north. All magnets hold in a north and a federation pole, no matter what shape they might have been bent into, or even if you break it apart into pieces. The magnetic heavens is the strongest at these poles. As magnets atomic number 18 brought near one another, they exert a tycoon on each other. The force brook be either attractive or repulsive and can be felt even when the magnets dont touch (force at a distance). This leads us to the Law of Magnetism which says Like poles repel and unlike poles attract. This is like the force between electric charges, but not exactly the same.Electrical charges and magnetic poles are different M each people wrongly assume that magnets can stick to any metal. In fact only a few elements on the periodic table actually have any magnetic properties strong enough to be worth mentioning. These elements are known as a group as ferromagnetic elements. The name comes from the Latin name for iron, ferrule. The fe rromagnetic elements are 1. Iron 2. cobalt 3. Nickel 4. Gadolinium As time passed, more and more people tried to explain magnetism. William Gilbert, wrote a book called De Magnet on the subject.He was able to spores whatsoever old superstitions about magnets, while at the same time presenting his own scientific ideas. He even proposed the idea of an orb of virtue surrounding every magnet, basically he was describing a magnetic field. The Effects of MME An electromagnetic pulse (MME), also sometimes called a transient electromagnetic disturbance, is a short irrupt of electromagnetic energy. At a higher level an MME can induce a spark, for example when fuelling a gasoline- engine vehicle. Such sparks have been known to designer fuel-air explosions and precautions must be taken to prevent them.A grownup MME can induce high rents and voltages in the victim, damaging electrical equipment or disrupting its function. A very large MME event such as a sillyning strike is also capable o f damaging objects such as trees, buildings and aircraft directly, either through ruting effects or the disruptive effects of the very large magnetic field generated by the sure. An indirect effect can be electrical fires ca enforced by heating. These damaging effects have led to the introduction of MME weapons. Most engineered structures and systems require some form of protection against lightning to be designed in.The Animals that Navigate sing Magnetism Abominations is the phenomenon of magnetic field produced by living organisms it is a subset of blameworthinesss. In contrast, organisms use of magnetism in navigation is misconception and the study of the magnetic fields effects on organisms is negotiability. Researchers believe some migratory birds can sense the magnetic field through their upper beak because there is a magnetite receptor there, which is made up of iron-based magnetic crystals. This senses the forcefulness of the magnetic field, which is strongest at the p oles, and it measures the angle of the field compared to the round.The beak is similar to a compass. According to the experiment done by Max Plank Institute in Germany, they found that when they re-magnetized the iron particles in the beaks of migratory birds like robins and red warblers, it suggested that the beaks do act as a type of compass or navigational device. It partially allowed the birds to decide in what direction to go in. Re- magnification is similar to when you rub a magnet with a piece of metal allowing for the metal to become magnetized, by doing this you can change the direction of magnetism by rubbing it in the other direction.The research shows that migratory birds may have sensory systems linked to their beaks that use iron to detect the Earths magnetic field. How are the Aurora Borealis and Australia formed? The dawn Borealis (northern lights) form when charged particles emitted from the sun during a solar flare penetrate the earths magnetic shield and collide with atoms and molecules in our atmosphere. These collisions result in countless little bursts of light, called photons, which make up the aurora. Collisions with oxygen produce red and green auroras, while normality produces the pink and purple colors.This reaction encircles the polar regions of the earth and come ons at an altitude of 40-400 miles (65-650 km) in a zone called the Aurorally Oval The aurora Borealis most commonly occur between 600-750 latitude, but during great geomagnetic storms the aurorally oval expands equatorial and can reach 300 latitude or further. In the northern hemisphere they are called the aurora Borealis (northern lights) and in the southern hemisphere aurora Australia (southern lights). How Magnetism is created by moving charges? When an electrical charge is moving or an electric current passes through a ire, a circular magnetic field is created.Magnetism is seen whenever electrically charged particles are in motion for example, from movement of elec trons in an electric current, or in certain(prenominal) cases from the orbital motion of electrons around an atoms nucleus. They also arise from intrinsic magnetic dipoles arising from quantum-mechanical spin. The same situations that create magnetic fields, charge moving in a current or in an atom, and intrinsic magnetic dipoles, are also the situations in which a magnetic field has an effect, creating a force. QUESTIONS/EXPLANATIONS What was the cause of death of 32 civilians inside the 10 mile block radius in the film?The reason why 32 people died in that movie is because when the core of the Earth stop moving, the NEFF or Electro Magnetic Field of the Earth deteriorated causing massive problems on people with pacemakers. Pacemaker is a device that helps control the heart of people that have abnormal heart beats. Why did the wrist watch stopped ticking? Because of the MME, a pulse of electromagnetic energy, this induces a very high current thousands of volts in parts of the watc h, and since many electrical items, such as microchips, are very sensitive to high voltages, it causes them to break.Explain the Erratic Behavior of the Pigeons in the Film Because the Pigeons are unnatural by the change of the Earths Magnetic Why did the Borealis appear in Washington DC? When super charged particles enter the earths atmosphere from the solar wind they go to be channeled toward the poles by magnetic forces causing them to spiral around the magnetic field lines of the earth. They are energetic enough to unionize air molecules, so a considerable number of atoms and molecules are elevated to excited states.When they make the transition back to their ground states they emit light characteristic of the atoms and molecules. Red and green light emitted from oxygen atoms is a constituent of the light seen at the poles. Atmospheric nitrogen also plays a role. How is the Earths Magnetic Field created according to the film? The magnetic field is generated by the rotation Of the dense, iron, liquid outer core and that this field extends about 126,000 meters (proxy. 78 miles) out into space.As the outer core fluid is driven by convection currents, a dynamo effect of circulating electric current is produced inside Earth. The Space Shuttle in the film was 12 miles off course. Explain what happened. The Space Shuttle, returning from space, dead turns up far off course and headed for impact in Los Angels due to a momentary glitch in its navigation, positioning systems (GAPS on overdrive), and a imperfect ground transponder which resulted in the shuttle being off-course by 12 miles.Enumerate the effects of losing the earths Magnetic Field according to the film. People with pacemakers, all within a 10-block radius, result be dead. The Golden Gate Bridge collapses, sending hundreds of people plunging to their deaths. Flocks of pigeons lose their ability to navigate, flying into panicked crowds, slamming into windshields and causing drivers to lose control of their cars. And an electrical superstore. get hold of the scientific explanation how the terra shuttle was found under the ocean at the end of the film.Keyes and Childs realize they can use the unobtainable shell to convert the heat and pressure from the waveforms to power the Virgil, and they are able to escape the core. They break through the crust underwater, leaving them on the ocean floor without power and communications. They believe themselves wooly-minded but use the remaining power o activate a weak sonar beacon. The beacon attracts a nearby whale pod, and Finch is able to take in their whale songs to locate the Virgil.

Internet Number Resources

a) ARIN Provides serve related to the adept coordination and management of Internet figure of speech resources. Supports the cognitive process of the earnings through the management of internet number resources and coordinates the development of policies for the management of IP number resources. They offer service for technical coordination and management of internet number resources in its respective service region. This includes IP breed stead allocation & ASN allocation, transfer and record maintenance.b) IANA They argon responsible for the allocation of globally unique name and numbers that are used in Internet protocols that are published as rfc documents and for coordinating few of the expose elements that keep the internet caterpillar tread smoothly. Allocates and maintains unique codes and numbering systems that are used in the technical standards/protocols that get under ones skin the internet. This includes Domain names, number resources and Protocol assignm ents.c) APNIC An organization that manages the assignment of internet number resources within the Asian continent. Provides number resource allocation and registration services that support the global operation of the Internet. 2. Approximately how umpteen Ipv4 plowes are possible? An IPv4 uses 32 bit IP address and with 32 bits the maximal number of IP addresses is rough four billion IPv4 addresses 3. Approximately how many IPV6 addresses are possible?An IPv6 uses 128 bit IP address and with 128 bits the maximum number of IP addresses is approximately 48 billion 4. Why do you consider the foundation is running out of Ipv4 addresses? The central pool of IPv4 addresses officially ran dry on Tuesday, February 1, 2011. From now on, all novel networks and services in the region must implement IPv6. 5. How long do you think it will maintain beforehand the Ipv4 addresses are completely exhausted Ipv4 addresses are Exhausted 6.Since Ipv6 is the long-term solution for this issue, why do you think we are still using and assigning IPv4 addresses on the internet? The address pool supports the recurring demands and extends its usefulness. somewhat other reason is that IPv4 and IPv6 are not compatible and as a result it will channel a huge financial toll in the transition which is considered an impediment. 7. Do you think the possibility exists for some companies to accumulate IP addresses and not release them back to ARIN to turn a profit? No because you targett sell themInternet Number Resourcesa) ARIN Provides services related to the technical coordination and management of Internet number resources. Supports the operation of the internet through the management of internet number resources and coordinates the development of policies for the management of IP number resources. They provide services for technical coordination and management of internet number resources in its respective service region. This includes IP address space allocation & ASN allocat ion, transfer and record maintenance.b) IANA They are responsible for the allocation of globally unique names and numbers that are used in Internet protocols that are published as rfc documents and for coordinating some of the key elements that keep the internet running smoothly. Allocates and maintains unique codes and numbering systems that are used in the technical standards/protocols that drive the internet. This includes Domain names, number resources and Protocol assignments.c) APNIC An organization that manages the assignment of internet number resources within the Asian continent. Provides number resource allocation and registration services that support the global operation of the Internet. 2. Approximately how many Ipv4 addresses are possible? An IPv4 uses 32 bit IP address and with 32 bits the maximum number of IP addresses is approximately four billion IPv4 addresses 3. Approximately how many IPV6 addresses are possible?An IPv6 uses 128 bit IP address and with 128 bits the maximum number of IP addresses is approximately 48 billion 4. Why do you think the world is running out of Ipv4 addresses? The central pool of IPv4 addresses officially ran dry on Tuesday, February 1, 2011. From now on, all new networks and services in the region must implement IPv6. 5. How long do you think it will take before the Ipv4 addresses are completely exhausted Ipv4 addresses are Exhausted 6.Since Ipv6 is the long-term solution for this issue, why do you think we are still using and assigning IPv4 addresses on the internet? The address pool supports the continual demands and extends its usefulness. Another reason is that IPv4 and IPv6 are not compatible and as a result it will take a huge financial toll in the transition which is considered an impediment. 7. Do you think the possibility exists for some companies to hoard IP addresses and not release them back to ARIN to turn a profit? No because you cant sell them

Project Management and Project Management It

Examination motif Project trouble IIBM make of line of work commission Examination base Project Management Section A Objective Type (30 marks) This function consists of multiple choices questions and short consequence type questions. dish up every last(predicate)(prenominal) the questions. ruin champion questions lift 1 mark each and social function Two questions carry 5 marks each. Part One Multiple choices 1. During _________ homunculusal tools and techniques were educateed to help and pick off large complex renders. a. 1950s b. 1980s c. 1920s d. 1990s 2. PERT stands for a. Program Evaluation and turn around Technique b.Progress Evaluation and Review Technique c. Program Evaluation and Review Technique d. None of the higher up 3. The most basic impersonate of any Operating System is a. Project Model b. Input-output model c. Output-input model d. None of the in a higher office 4. Overall complexity = a. Organizational complexity*resource complexity*techni cal complexity b. Organizational complexity+technical complexity-resource complexity c. Technical complexity+resource complexity/organizational complexity d. Organizational complexity*resource complexity/technical complexity 5.Relevant argonas of the APM body of knowledge are a. property Management b. Budgeting and be Management c. Project Cost Management d. Both a and b MM. coulomb 1 IIBM install of Business Management Examination piece Project Management 6. Costs associated with the prep process take on a. Planers tools b. Opportunity cost c. Planned labour and associated expenses d. All of the above 7. CPA stands for a. sarcastic Path Analysis b. universal Path Analysis c. Critical Path algorithmic program d. Common Problem Analysis 8. The spew duration with the normal activity time is ____days. . 11 b. 16 c. 17 d. 21 9. The nature of the work organization is important as it a. desexs responsibility and authority b. Outlines reporting arrangements c. Determines the perplexity overhead d. All of the above 10. Matrix Management was invented by a. Mullins b. Belbin c. Drucker d. Frederick Taylor Part Two 1. 2. 3. 4. do Cost Estimating Techniques. Write a throwaway on Critical Path Analysis. Differentiate amongst General Management and Project Management. What is Team Life Cycle? END OF partition A 2 IIBM instal of Business ManagementExamination Paper Project Management Section B Caselets (40 marks) This fragment consists of Caselets. Answer all the questions. Each Caselet carries 20 marks. Detailed information should form the part of your answer (Word hold back 150 to two hundred words). Caselet 1 Its a Risky Business Four friends wanted to start a argumentation. subsequently much discussion, they had hit upon the idea of launch a mail-order toys and games business. They were in the development stage of their business throw and wanted to be sure that they had been by with their objectning.To reinforce this, they had incisively real a letter from a group of venture capitalists, agreeing to fund the start up. It concluded its review of their plan by stating The business plan presents a credible opportunity for all confused and we are prepared to approve the monetary support request, heart-to-heart to a run a risk analysis being carried out on the flip to start the business. The group was stunned-the funding that they had been hoping for was suddenly a reality. Just one thing stood in their way- that damned risk analysis process. They started with identifying the detect risk elements that could face the business during in start up phase.They considered the process between the time that they received the funding and day one of trading. What could possibly go wrong? Lots of things. They brainstormed the possibilities and recorded them. They then considered the yield that these would score on the protrude as a whole. The list they gene come outd prothings going wrong and not enough reservation sure that the positive steps towards the business opening were happening. They needed to priorities the events. As importantly, what would happen, when they eventually occurred? Who would be responsible for each of them? On what asis could they rank each risk, in order to identify the most important risks for which they would develop mitigation and ownership? They decided to use a table to depute the risk event, the likelihood, the cruelty and by multiplying the two providing a risk priority number (RPN). This would the allow ranking of the risk elements. For the leash highest ranked elements, the group then generates a mitigation process with somewhatone in the group victorious ownership of that process. As can be seen, the top three risks were identified and mitigation tasks put in place to either prevent the risk event happening or to reduce its effect.The signs of the owners of that risk in the start column show who has agreed to monitor that set of events and ensure that the mitigation is put into place before the forge suffers from that event occurring. Questions 1. What further methods could attain been used to generate ideas for the identification part of the risk process? 2. What should happen as the project progresses to manage risk? 3 IIBM Institute of Business Management Examination Paper Project Management Caselet 2 Fast-track Product Redevelopment at Instron Background Instron practices and manufactures machines for examen the properties of all types of material.One particular plastic testing instrument has been selling around 250 units per year worldwide. In 1992 at the height of the recession, with margins being squeezed and sales volume dropping, Instron decided to redesign the instrument to reduce its cost and stumble it easier to manufacture. The Project Instron began to undertake change in the late 1980s, which included a programme to institute synchronal forward-looking product development. This was accompanied by pressure for co st reduction, the introduction of manufacturing changes, and the breaking of the firm into business teams.The team was highly transient and changing environment, there were few restrictions on the way the redesign project had to be handled. It was one of the first projects in Instron to be run from the beginning as a coincidental pointing project. A small multi-functional team was formed, consisting of a manufacturing engineer, a design engineer, a marketing engineer and a draughtsman. The design rief was to improve the ease of manufacture of the product such tat a cost reduction of 20 percent could be achieved. The team was co-located in an area adjacent to the manufacturing facility.Although there was some initial resistance, the comment was made that they dont know how they ever worked without it. The ease of communication and sacramental manduction of ideas became a more natural part of working manner. Adverse Effects The principles of concurrency were, in general, favorably sure by departments downstream of the design process and with some notable exceptions, unfavorably viewed by the design department. Individuals had concurrency impose on them in the initial projects selected be tried out. Senior management staff was selected as champions of the cause, with the object of overcoming the resistance to change that existed.This came in a number of forms 1. Passive resistance- summarized as dont show reluctance to apply the revolutionary ideas, attend all the group meetings, nod in agreement, then carry on as before. 2. Active resistance- do what you like, save dont ask me to do it 3. Undermining the initiative- through overstating the apparent problems. They began by carrying out brainstorming sessions with manufacturing engineers, buyers, members of the shop floor, suppliers and additional design engineers, to find new and advanced ways to improve the product.The outcome of these investigations was to draw up a list of areas where improvements we re thought possible. The Benefits Achieved The results of this teams action were Cost reduced by 49 percent Product range rationalized from 12 to 2 versions Unique part count reduced from 141 to 98 and total number of parts reduced from ccc to 189 Assembly/machining time reduced by 55 percent Project nail downd on time, with last version being released in April 1994. Once operational, few problems were encountered and those that did occur were minor in nature.The success was attributed by the firm to two decisions The selection of the remunerate project- one that made it easy to demonstrate concurrency The selection of the right people- those who were prepared to be open-minded and fall in some enthusiasm for the changes. The company now views this as a simple project that restored the profitability of an established product through the use of innovation, ingenuity and new design techniques by the whole concurrent team. What 4 IIBM Institute of Business ManagementExaminati on Paper Project Management is likewise clear is that the product was subject to technical change in only one area- the materials used. The other benefits have all been due to the approach tat the firms management has taken to its new product development (NPD) act. The firm felt that the project has been a success and that this method of working would become an institutionalized methodology. Questions 1. severalize the steps the firm took in this project. How did this contribute to the success? 2.How might the main adverse do be identified? END OF SECTION B Section C Applied Theory (30 marks) This section consists of Applied Theory Questions. Answer all the questions. Each question carries 15 marks. Detailed information should form the part of your answer (Word limit 200 to 250 words). 1. What is the role of strategy in Project Management? 2. Identify the different roles that cost, price and profit can play in determining project be. END OF SECTION C 5 IIBM Institute of Bu siness ManagementExamination Paper Project Management IIBM Institute of Business Management Examination Paper Project Management in IT Section A Objective Type (30 marks) This section consists of multiple choice questions and short notes type questions. Answer all the questions. Part One questions carry 1 mark each and Part two questions carry 5 marks each. MM. 100 Part One Multiple choices 1. The knowledge areas of Project Management Process Group are a. Planning and Initiating b. Executing and close c.Monitoring and Controlling d. All of the above 2. To create a successful project, a project jitney must(prenominal) consider a. Scope b. Time c. Cost d. All of the above 3. Which one of the following is not involved in the top ten skills or competencies of an effective project manager a. People skills b. Leadership c. faithfulness d. Technical skills 4. Another name of a phase exit is a _______ point. a. Review b. Stage c. shock d. Kill 5. Which process group includes activit ies from each of the nine knowledge areas? a. Initiating b.Planning c. Executing d. Closing 6 IIBM Institute of Business Management Examination Paper Project Management 6. The project team works unitedly to create the ______. a. Scope statement b. WBS c. WBS dictionary d. Work package 7. __________ is a earnings diagramming technique used to predict total project duration. a. PERT b. A Gantt chart c. Critical Path Method d. Crashing 8. Which of the following is not a key output of project cost management a. A cost estimate b. A cost management plan c. A cost baseline d.None of the above 9. CMMI Stands for a. Capability matureness Model Integration b. Complex Maturity Model Integration c. Common Maturity Model Information d. Capability Maturity Model Information 10. A proposal valuation sheet is an example of a. RFP b. NPV analysis c. Earned value analysis d. Weighted scoring model Part Two 1. Define Product Life Cycle. 2. What is Project Integration Model? 3. Write a note on Gan tt charts. 4. What is Project Quality Management? END OF SECTION A 7 IIBM Institute of Business ManagementExamination Paper Project Management Section B Caselets (40 marks) This section consists of Caselets. Answer all the questions. Each Caselet carries 20 marks. Detailed information should form the part of your answer (Word limit 150 to 200 words). Caselet 1 A preliminary estimate of costs for the entire project is $140,000. This estimate is based on the project manager working about 20 hours per week for six months and other internal staff working a total of about 60 hours per week for six months.The customer representatives would not be paid for their assistance. A staff project manager would earn $50 per hour. The hourly rate for the other project team member would be $70 per hour, since some hours normally billed to clients may be needed for this project. The initial cost estimate excessively includes $10,000 for purchasing software & services from suppliers. After the pr oject is completed, maintenance costs of $40,000 are included for each year, primarily to update the information and coordinate the Ask the Expert lark and online articles.Projected benefits are based on a reduction in hours consultants spend researching project management information, grab tools and templates, and so on. Projected benefits are also based on a small increase in network due to new business generated by this project. If each of more than 400 consultants saved just 40 hours each year (less than one hour per week) and could bill that time to other projects that generate a conservative estimate of $10 per hour in profits, then the projected benefit would be $160,000 per year.If the new intranet increased business by just 1 percent, using past profit information, increased profits due to new business would be at least $40,000 each year. Total projected benefits, therefore, are about $200,000 per year. Exhibit A summarizes the projected costs and benefits and shows the estimated net percent value (NPV), return on investment (ROI), and year in which payback occurs. It also lists assumptions made in performing this preliminary financial analysis. All of the financial estimates are very encouraging.The estimate payback is within one year, as pass along by the sponsor. The NPV is $272,800, and the discounted ROI based on a three-year system life is excellent at 112 percent. drop rate 8% Assume the Year project is done in about is months 0 Costs 140,000 Discount 1 factor Discounted 140,000 costs Benefits Discount factor Discounted benefits Discounted 0 1 0 1 40,000 0. 93 37,037 2 40,000 0. 86 34,294 3 40,000 0. 79 31,753 Total 243,084 200,000 0. 93 186,185 200,000 0. 86 171,468 200,000 0. 79 158,766 515,419 (140,000) 148,148 137,174 127,013 8 IIBM Institute of Business ManagementExamination Paper Project Management benefits costs Cumulative (140,000) benefits-costs Payback year 1 112% Discounted life cycle ROIAssumptions Costs PM (500hours, $50/hour ) Staff (1500 hours, $70/hour) Outsourced software & services Total project costs (all applied in year 0) Benefits consultants Hours saved $/hour profit Benefits from saving time Benefits from 1% increase in profits Total annual projected benefits Questions 1. What according to you are the factors that can stymie the profit growth related with the project? 2. Mention some strategies to further improve the projects turnover. ,148 in 145,322 272,336 NVP hours 25,000 105,000 10,000 140,000 400 40 10 160,000 40,000 200,000 9 IIBM Institute of Business Management Examination Paper Project Management Caselet 2 Many organizations spend a great deal of time and coin on training efforts for general project management skills, but after the training, project managers may motionless not know how to tailor their project management skills to the organizations particular needs. Because of this problem, some organizations develop their own internal information plan project management methodolo gies.The PMBOKR Guide is a standard that describes outmatch practices for what should be done to manage a project. A methodology describes how things should be done, and different organizations often have different ways of doing things. For example, after implementing a systems development life cycle (SDLC) at Blue soft touch Shield of Michigan, the Methods department became aware that developers and project managers were often working on different information applied science project in different ways. Deliverables were often missing or looked different from project to project.They may have all had a project charter, status report, technical documents (i. e. , database design documents, user interface requirements, and so on), but how they were producing and delivering these deliverables was different. There was a general lack of consistency and a need for standards to guide both new and experienced project managers. Top management decides to authorize funds to develop a methodol ogy for project managers that could also become the basis for information technology project management training within the organization.It was also part of an overall effort to help raise the companys Software Capability Maturity Model level. BlueCross BlueShield of Michigan launched a three-month project to develop its own project management methodology. Some of the project team members had already received PMP certification, so they decided to base their methodology on the PMBOKR Guide 2000, making adjustment as needed to best describe how their organization managed information technology projects.See a complete article on this project on the companion Web site for this text. Also see the Suggested tuition to review the State of Michigan Project Management Methodology, which provides another good example of an information technology project management methodology. Many organizations include project management in their methodologies for managing Six Sigma projects. Other organiza tions include project management in their software development methodologies, such as the Rational Unified Process (RUP) framework.RUP is an interactive software development process that focuses on team productivity and delivers software best practices to all team members. According to RUP expert Bill Cottrell, RUP embodies industry-standard management and technical methods and techniques to provide a software engineering process particularly suited to creating and maintaining componentbased software system solutions, Cottrell explains that you can tailor RUP to include the PMBOK process groups.Specifically, IBM Rational, the creators of RUP, set that it could adjust RUP input artifacts with PMBOK process inputs, RUP steps with PMBOK process tools and techniques, and RUP resulting artifacts with PMBOK process outputs. Questions 1. According to you what are the skills that needed for the project management of an organization? 2. How the six sigma project became a helpful tool in ver y modern kind of project management? END OF SECTION B 10 IIBM Institute of Business ManagementExamination Paper Project Management Section C Applied Theory (30 marks) This section consists of Applied Theory Questions. Answer all the questions. Each question carries 15 marks. Detailed information should form the part of your answer (Word limit 200 to 250 words). 1. What is cost? What is the importance of Project cost Management and explain basic principles of Cost Management. 2. Define the following a. Resource Histograms b. Project Communication Management END OF SECTION C S-2-260211 11 IIBM Institute of Business Management